Installazione di RTL_433 su Raspberry Pi

Pre-requisito: rtl-sdr installato

Questo semplice programma permette di decodificare le trasmissioni dei vari dispositivi che lavorano alla frequenza di 433 Mhz.

Io ci decodifico vari sensori di temperatura e un musuratore di energia OWL CM160 USB.

sudo apt-get install libtool libusb-1.0.0-dev librtlsdr-dev rtl-sdr build-essential autoconf cmake pkg-config
git clone https://github.com/merbanan/rtl_433

Se Git non è installato, lo installate con questo comando:

sudo apt-get install git

A questo punto si inizia con la compilazione

cd rtl_433/
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../
make
sudo make install

 

Avviate il programma con:

rtl_433 -G -q

rtl_433 -h

Usage:	= Tuner options =
	[-d <RTL-SDR USB device index>] (default: 0)
	[-d :<RTL-SDR USB device serial (can be set with rtl_eeprom -s)>]
	[-g <gain>] (default: 0 for auto)
	[-f <frequency>] [-f...] Receive frequency(s) (default: 433920000 Hz)
	[-H <seconds>] Hop interval for polling of multiple frequencies (default: 600 seconds)
	[-p <ppm_error] Correct rtl-sdr tuner frequency offset error (default: 0)
	[-s <sample rate>] Set sample rate (default: 250000 Hz)
	[-S] Force sync output (default: async)
	= Demodulator options =
	[-R <device>] Enable only the specified device decoding protocol (can be used multiple times)
	[-G] Enable all device protocols, included those disabled by default
	[-X <spec> | help] Add a general purpose decoder (-R 0 to disable all other decoders)
	[-l <level>] Change detection level used to determine pulses [0-16384] (0 = auto) (default: 0)
	[-z <value>] Override short value in data decoder
	[-x <value>] Override long value in data decoder
	[-n <value>] Specify number of samples to take (each sample is 2 bytes: 1 each of I & Q)
	= Analyze/Debug options =
	[-a] Analyze mode. Print a textual description of the signal. Disables decoding
	[-A] Pulse Analyzer. Enable pulse analysis and decode attempt
	[-I] Include only: 0 = all (default), 1 = unknown devices, 2 = known devices
	[-D] Print debug info on event (repeat for more info)
	[-q] Quiet mode, suppress non-data messages
	[-W] Overwrite mode, disable checks to prevent files from being overwritten
	[-y <code>] Verify decoding of demodulated test data (e.g. "{25}fb2dd58") with enabled devices
	= File I/O options =
	[-t] Test signal auto save. Use it together with analyze mode (-a -t). Creates one file per signal
		 Note: Saves raw I/Q samples (uint8 pcm, 2 channel). Preferred mode for generating test files
	[-r <filename>] Read data from input file instead of a receiver
	[-m <mode>] Data file mode for input / output file (default: 0)
		 0 = Raw I/Q samples (uint8, 2 channel)
		 1 = AM demodulated samples (int16 pcm, 1 channel)
		 2 = FM demodulated samples (int16) (output only)
		 3 = Raw I/Q samples (cf32, 2 channel)
		 4 = Raw I/Q samples (cs16, 2 channel)
	[-F] kv|json|csv|syslog Produce decoded output in given format. Not yet supported by all drivers.
		 append output to file with :<filename> (e.g. -F csv:log.csv), defaults to stdout.
		 specify host/port for syslog with e.g. -F syslog:127.0.0.1:1514
	[-C] native|si|customary Convert units in decoded output.
	[-T] specify number of seconds to run
	[-U] Print timestamps in UTC (this may also be accomplished by invocation with TZ environment variable set).
	[-E] Stop after outputting successful event(s)
	[-V] Output the version string and exit
	[-h] Output this usage help and exit
	[<filename>] Save data stream to output file (a '-' dumps samples to stdout)

Supported device protocols:
    [01]  Silvercrest Remote Control
    [02]  Rubicson Temperature Sensor
    [03]  Prologue Temperature Sensor
    [04]  Waveman Switch Transmitter
    [05]* Steffen Switch Transmitter
    [06]* ELV EM 1000
    [07]* ELV WS 2000
    [08]  LaCrosse TX Temperature / Humidity Sensor
    [09]* Template decoder
    [10]* Acurite 896 Rain Gauge
    [11]  Acurite 609TXC Temperature and Humidity Sensor
    [12]  Oregon Scientific Weather Sensor
    [13]* Mebus 433
    [14]* Intertechno 433
    [15]  KlikAanKlikUit Wireless Switch
    [16]  AlectoV1 Weather Sensor (Alecto WS3500 WS4500 Ventus W155/W044 Oregon)
    [17]  Cardin S466-TX2
    [18]  Fine Offset Electronics, WH2, WH5, Telldus Temperature/Humidity/Rain Sensor
    [19]  Nexus Temperature & Humidity Sensor
    [20]  Ambient Weather Temperature Sensor
    [21]  Calibeur RF-104 Sensor
    [22]* X10 RF
    [23]  DSC Security Contact
    [24]* Brennenstuhl RCS 2044
    [25]  GT-WT-02 Sensor
    [26]  Danfoss CFR Thermostat
    [27]* Energy Count 3000 (868.3 MHz)
    [28]* Valeo Car Key
    [29]  Chuango Security Technology
    [30]  Generic Remote SC226x EV1527
    [31]  TFA-Twin-Plus-30.3049 and Ea2 BL999
    [32]  Fine Offset Electronics WH1080/WH3080 Weather Station
    [33]  WT450
    [34]  LaCrosse WS-2310 Weather Station
    [35]  Esperanza EWS
    [36]  Efergy e2 classic
    [37]* Inovalley kw9015b, TFA Dostmann 30.3161 (Rain and temperature sensor)
    [38]  Generic temperature sensor 1
    [39]  WG-PB12V1
    [40]  Acurite 592TXR Temp/Humidity, 5n1 Weather Station, 6045 Lightning
    [41]  Acurite 986 Refrigerator / Freezer Thermometer
    [42]  HIDEKI TS04 Temperature, Humidity, Wind and Rain Sensor
    [43]  Watchman Sonic / Apollo Ultrasonic / Beckett Rocket oil tank monitor
    [44]  CurrentCost Current Sensor
    [45]  emonTx OpenEnergyMonitor
    [46]  HT680 Remote control
    [47]  S3318P Temperature & Humidity Sensor
    [48]  Akhan 100F14 remote keyless entry
    [49]  Quhwa
    [50]  OSv1 Temperature Sensor
    [51]  Proove
    [52]  Bresser Thermo-/Hygro-Sensor 3CH
    [53]  Springfield Temperature and Soil Moisture
    [54]  Oregon Scientific SL109H Remote Thermal Hygro Sensor
    [55]  Acurite 606TX Temperature Sensor
    [56]  TFA pool temperature sensor
    [57]  Kedsum Temperature & Humidity Sensor
    [58]  blyss DC5-UK-WH (433.92 MHz)
    [59]  Steelmate TPMS
    [60]  Schrader TPMS
    [61]* LightwaveRF
    [62]  Elro DB286A Doorbell
    [63]  Efergy Optical
    [64]  Honda Car Key
    [65]* Template decoder
    [66]* Template decoder
    [67]  Radiohead ASK
    [68]  Kerui PIR Sensor
    [69]  Fine Offset WH1050 Weather Station
    [70]  Honeywell Door/Window Sensor
    [71]  Maverick ET-732/733 BBQ Sensor
    [72]* RF-tech
    [73]  LaCrosse TX141-Bv2/TX141TH-Bv2 sensor
    [74]  Acurite 00275rm,00276rm Temp/Humidity with optional probe
    [75]  LaCrosse TX35DTH-IT, TFA Dostmann 30.3155 Temperature/Humidity sensor
    [76]  LaCrosse TX29IT Temperature sensor
    [77]  Vaillant calorMatic 340f Central Heating Control
    [78]  Fine Offset Electronics, WH25, WH24, HP1000 Temperature/Humidity/Pressure Sensor
    [79]  Fine Offset Electronics, WH0530 Temperature/Rain Sensor
    [80]  IBIS beacon
    [81]  Oil Ultrasonic STANDARD FSK
    [82]  Citroen TPMS
    [83]  Oil Ultrasonic STANDARD ASK
    [84]  Thermopro TP11 Thermometer
    [85]  Solight TE44
    [86]  Wireless Smoke and Heat Detector GS 558
    [87]  Generic wireless motion sensor
    [88]  Toyota TPMS
    [89]  Ford TPMS
    [90]  Renault TPMS
    [91]* inFactory
    [92]  FT-004-B Temperature Sensor
    [93]  Ford Car Key
    [94]  Philips outdoor temperature sensor
    [95]  Schrader TPMS EG53MA4
    [96]  Nexa
    [97]  Thermopro TP08/TP12 thermometer
    [98]  GE Color Effects
    [99]  X10 Security
    [100]  Interlogix GE UTC Security Devices
    [101]* Dish remote 6.3
    [102]* SimpliSafe Home Security System (May require disabling automatic gain for KeyPad decodes)
    [103]  Sensible Living Mini-Plant Moisture Sensor
    [104]* Wireless M-Bus, Mode C&T, 100kbps (-f 868950000 -s 1200000)
    [105]* Wireless M-Bus, Mode S, 32.768kbps (-f 868300000 -s 1000000)
    [106]* Wireless M-Bus, Mode R, 4.8kbps (-f 868330000)
    [107]* Wireless M-Bus, Mode F, 2.4kbps
    [108]  WS Temperature Sensor
    [109]  WT0124 Pool Thermometer

* Disabled by default, use -R n or -G

Con l’ultimo comando è possibile inviare in formato JSON il risultato decodificato di quanto ricevuto, per esempio:

mosquitto_sub -h localhost -p 1883 -v -t "sensors/#"

Per avviare automaticamente come servizio:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/rtl_433-mqtt.service

e inserire il seguente testo:

[Unit]
Description=rtl_433 to MQTT publisher
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "/usr/local/bin/rtl_433 -q -F json |/usr/bin/mosquitto_pub -h localhost -i RTL_433 -l -t RTL_433/JSON"
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Quindi:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable rtl_433-mqtt
sudo systemctl start rtl_433-mqtt.service

Per vedere se tutto funziona regolarmente:

mosquitto_sub -h localhost -t RTL_433/JSON

Se tutto funziona bene si dovrebbe avere un output tipo questo:

{"time" : "2018-09-18 20:18:42", "brand" : "OS", "model" : "CM160", "id" : 13, "power_W" : 96}

Nota bene: Potrebbe essere necessario installare la libreria SoapySDR in caso di errori durante la complatione.

git clone https://github.com/pothosware/SoapySDR.git
cd SoapySDR
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make -j4
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

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